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The Second Book of Moses: Exodus

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- Kapitel 30 -

(Exodus 37:25–29)
1
“You shall also make an altar, for the burning of incense, from setim wood,(a)
2
having one cubit in length, and another in width, that is, four equal sides, and two cubits in height. Horns shall proceed from the same.
3
And you shall clothe it with the purest gold, both its grating and the walls around it, and also the horns. And you shall make for it a crown of gold in a circle,
4
and two gold rings under the crown on each side, so that the bars may be set in them and the altar may be carried.
5
Also, you shall make its bars of setim wood, and you shall overlay them with gold.
6
And you shall set the altar opposite the veil, which hangs in front of the ark of the testimony, before the propitiatory with which the testimony is covered, where I will speak to you.
7
And Aaron shall burn incense upon it, a sweet fragrance, in the morning. When he lights the lamps, he shall burn it.
8
And when he assembles them in the evening, he shall burn an everlasting incense before the Lord throughout your generations.
9
You shall not offer upon it incense of another composition, nor an oblation, nor a victim; neither shall you offer libations.
10
And Aaron shall pray over its horns once a year, with the blood of what was offered for sin. And he shall make atonement over it in your generations. It shall be the Holy of holies to the Lord.”

The Census Offering

(2 Samuel 24:1–9; 1 Chronicles 21:1–6)
11
And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
12
“When you have taken the sum of the sons of Israel, according to their number, each shall give a price for their souls to the Lord, and there will be no scourge among them, when they will be reviewed.
13
Then all those who pass shall give by name: one half shekel, according to the measure at the temple. A shekel has twenty obols. The half part of a shekel shall be offered to the Lord.(b) (c)
14
He who has been numbered from twenty years and above shall give the price.
15
The rich shall not add to the half shekel, and the poor shall diminish nothing.
16
And the money received, which was collected from the sons of Israel, you shall deliver for the uses of the tabernacle of the testimony, so that it may be a memorial of them before the Lord, and he may act favorably toward their souls.”

The Bronze Basin

(Exodus 38:8)
17
And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
18
“You shall also make a bronze washtub with its base to wash in; and you shall place it between the tabernacle of the testimony and the altar. And when water has been added,
19
Aaron and his sons shall wash their hands and feet in it:
20
when they enter the tabernacle of the testimony, and when they approach to the altar so as to offer incense to the Lord upon it,
21
otherwise, they may die. This shall be an everlasting law to him, and to his offspring, throughout their successions.”

The Anointing Oil

22
And the Lord spoke to Moses,
23
saying: “Take for yourself aromatics: of the first and best myrrh, five hundred shekels, and of cinnamon half as much, that is, two hundred and fifty shekels; of sweet flag similarly two hundred and fifty,(d)
24
but of cassia, five hundred shekels by the weight of the sanctuary, and of the oil of olives the measure of a hin.
25
And you shall make the holy oil of unction, an ointment composed with the skills of a perfumer,
26
and with it you shall anoint the tabernacle of the testimony, and the ark of the testament,
27
and the table with its vessels, and the lampstand and its utensils, the altars of incense
28
and of holocaust, and all the items that pertain to their rituals.
29
And you shall sanctify everything, and they shall be the Holy of holies. He who will touch them must be sanctified.
30
You shall anoint Aaron and his sons, and you shall sanctify them, so that they may exercise the priesthood for me.
31
Likewise, you shall say to the sons of Israel: ‘This oil of unction will be holy to me throughout your generations.
32
The flesh of man shall not be anointed from it, and you shall not make any similar compound, for it has been sanctified and it shall be holy to you.
33
Whatever man will have composed such a thing and have given it to a stranger, he shall be exterminated from his people.’ ”

The Incense

34
And the Lord said to Moses: “Take to yourself aromatics: stacte, and onycha, galbanum of sweet odor, and the clearest frankincense, all these shall be of equal weight.
35
And you shall make incense composed with the skills of a perfumer, diligently mixed, and pure, and most worthy of sanctification.(e)
36
And when you have crushed all these into a very fine powder, you shall place some of it before the tabernacle of the testimony, in the place where I will appear to you. The Holy of holies shall this incense be to you.
37
You shall not make such a compound for your own uses, because it is holy to the Lord.
38
Whatever man will have made anything similar, so as to thoroughly enjoy its smell, he shall perish from his people.”

Fußnoten

(a)30:1 An altar to burn incense:This burning of incense was an emblem of prayer, ascending to God from an inflamed heart. See Ps. 140:2; Apoc. 5:8, and 8.4.(Challoner)
(b)30:13 An obol is a coin (and a unit of weight) worth one sixth of a drachma.(Conte)
(c)30:13 Half a sicle:A sicle or shekel of silver, (which was also called a stater,) according to the standard or weight of the sanctuary, which was the most just and exact, was half an ounce of silver, that is, about half a crown of English money. The obol, or gerah, was about three halfpence.(Challoner)
(d)30:23 A shekel, and in general other units of money at that time, were units of weight. A shekel was about 11.5 grams.(Conte)
(e)30:35 The word ‘unguentarii’ refers to someone who composes ointments, including those for health and those for beauty.(Conte)
(Exodus 37:25–29)
1
“You shall make an altar to burn incense on. You shall make it of acacia wood.
2
Its length shall be a cubit,(a) and its width a cubit. It shall be square, and its height shall be two cubits. Its horns shall be of one piece with it.
3
You shall overlay it with pure gold, its top, its sides around it, and its horns; and you shall make a gold molding around it.
4
You shall make two golden rings for it under its molding; on its two ribs, on its two sides you shall make them; and they shall be for places for poles with which to bear it.
5
You shall make the poles of acacia wood, and overlay them with gold.
6
You shall put it before the veil that is by the ark of the covenant, before the mercy seat that is over the covenant, where I will meet with you.
7
Aaron shall burn incense of sweet spices on it every morning. When he tends the lamps, he shall burn it.
8
When Aaron lights the lamps at evening, he shall burn it, a perpetual incense before the LORD throughout your generations.
9
You shall offer no strange incense on it, nor burnt offering, nor meal offering; and you shall pour no drink offering on it.
10
Aaron shall make atonement on its horns once in the year; with the blood of the sin offering of atonement once in the year he shall make atonement for it throughout your generations. It is most holy to the LORD.”

The Census Offering

(2 Samuel 24:1–9; 1 Chronicles 21:1–6)
11
The LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
12
“When you take a census of the children of Israel, according to those who are counted among them, then each man shall give a ransom for his soul to the LORD when you count them, that there be no plague among them when you count them.
13
They shall give this, everyone who passes over to those who are counted, half a shekel according to the shekel (b) of the sanctuary (the shekel is twenty gerahs (c)); half a shekel for an offering to the LORD.
14
Everyone who passes over to those who are counted, from twenty years old and upward, shall give the offering to the LORD.
15
The rich shall not give more, and the poor shall not give less, than the half shekel,(d) when they give the offering of the LORD, to make atonement for your souls.
16
You shall take the atonement money from the children of Israel, and shall appoint it for the service of the Tent of Meeting; that it may be a memorial for the children of Israel before the LORD, to make atonement for your souls.”

The Bronze Basin

(Exodus 38:8)
17
The LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
18
“You shall also make a basin of bronze, and its base of bronze, in which to wash. You shall put it between the Tent of Meeting and the altar, and you shall put water in it.
19
Aaron and his sons shall wash their hands and their feet in it.
20
When they go into the Tent of Meeting, they shall wash with water, that they not die; or when they come near to the altar to minister, to burn an offering made by fire to the LORD.
21
So they shall wash their hands and their feet, that they not die. This shall be a statute forever to them, even to him and to his descendants throughout their generations.”

The Anointing Oil

22
Moreover the LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
23
“Also take fine spices: of liquid myrrh, five hundred shekels;(e) and of fragrant cinnamon half as much, even two hundred and fifty; and of fragrant cane, two hundred and fifty;
24
and of cassia five hundred, according to the shekel of the sanctuary; and a hin (f) of olive oil.
25
You shall make it into a holy anointing oil, a perfume compounded after the art of the perfumer: it shall be a holy anointing oil.
26
You shall use it to anoint the Tent of Meeting, the ark of the covenant,
27
the table and all its articles, the lamp stand and its accessories, the altar of incense,
28
the altar of burnt offering with all its utensils, and the basin with its base.
29
You shall sanctify them, that they may be most holy. Whatever touches them shall be holy.
30
You shall anoint Aaron and his sons, and sanctify them, that they may minister to me in the priest’s office.
31
You shall speak to the children of Israel, saying, ‘This shall be a holy anointing oil to me throughout your generations.
32
It shall not be poured on man’s flesh, and do not make any like it, according to its composition. It is holy. It shall be holy to you.
33
Whoever compounds any like it, or whoever puts any of it on a stranger, he shall be cut off from his people.’”

The Incense

34
The LORD said to Moses, “Take to yourself sweet spices, gum resin, onycha, and galbanum: sweet spices with pure frankincense. There shall be an equal weight of each.
35
You shall make incense of it, a perfume after the art of the perfumer, seasoned with salt, pure and holy.
36
You shall beat some of it very small, and put some of it before the covenant in the Tent of Meeting, where I will meet with you. It shall be to you most holy.
37
You shall not make this incense, according to its composition, for yourselves: it shall be to you holy for the LORD.
38
Whoever shall make any like that, to smell of it, he shall be cut off from his people.”

Fußnoten

(a)30:2 A cubit is the length from the tip of the middle finger to the elbow on a man’s arm, or about 18 inches or 46 centimeters.
(b)30:13 A shekel is about 10 grams or about 0.35 ounces.
(c)30:13 a gerah is about 0.5 grams or about 7.7 grains
(d)30:15 A shekel is about 10 grams or about 0.35 ounces.
(e)30:23 A shekel is about 10 grams or about 0.35 ounces, so 500 shekels is about 5 kilograms or about 11 pounds.
(f)30:24 A hin is about 6.5 liters or 1.7 gallons.
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