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The Third Book of Moses: Leviticus

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- Kapitel 19 -

1
The Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2
Speak to the entire assembly of the sons of Israel, and you shall say to them: Be holy, for I, the Lord your God, am holy.
3
Let each one fear his father and his mother. Observe my Sabbaths. I am the Lord your God.
4
Do not be willing to convert to idols, neither should you make molten gods for yourselves. I am the Lord your God.
5
If you immolate a victim of peace offerings to the Lord, so that he may be appeased,
6
you shall eat it on the same day as when it was immolated, and the next day. Then whatever will remain on the third day you shall burn with fire.
7
If anyone, after two days, will have eaten from it, he shall be profane and guilty of impiety.
8
And he shall bear his iniquity, for he has polluted what is holy to the Lord. And that soul shall perish from his people.

Love Your Neighbor

(Romans 13:8–10)
9
When you will have harvested the grain fields of your land, you shall not cut it down to the surface of the land, even to the ground, nor shall you gather the remaining ears of grain.
10
Neither shall you gather the clusters or individual grapes which fall down in your vineyard, but you shall leave them for paupers and travelers to take. I am the Lord your God.(a)
11
You shall not steal. You shall not lie. Neither shall anyone deceive his neighbor.
12
You shall not commit perjury in my name, nor shall you pollute the name of your God. I am the Lord.
13
You shall not slander your neighbor, nor shall you oppress him by violence. The wages of a hired hand, you shall not delay with you until tomorrow.
14
You shall not speak evil of the deaf, nor shall you place a stumbling block before the blind, but you shall fear the Lord your God, for I am the Lord.
15
You shall not do what is unjust, nor shall you judge unjustly. You shall not consider the reputation of the poor, nor shall you honor the countenance of the powerful. Judge your neighbor justly.
16
You shall not be a detractor, nor a whisperer, among the people. You shall not stand against the blood of your neighbor. I am the Lord.
17
You shall not hate your brother in your heart, but reprove him openly, lest you have sin over him.
18
Do not seek revenge, neither should you be mindful of the injury of your fellow citizens. You shall love your friend as yourself. I am the Lord.

Keep My Statutes

19
Observe my laws. You shall not cause your cattle to breed with other kinds of animals. You shall not sow your field with diverse seeds. You shall not be clothed with a garment which has been woven from two things.(b)
20
If a man will have slept in sexual intercourse with a woman, who is a servant and who is also able to be married, and yet he has not redeemed her with a price, nor paid to set her free, they both shall be beaten, but they shall not die, for she was not a free woman.
21
But, for his offense, he shall offer a ram to the Lord at the door of the tabernacle of the testimony.
22
And the priest shall pray for him, and for his sin, before the Lord, and he shall win his favor again for him, and the sin shall be forgiven.
23
When you will have entered into the land, and will have planted in it fruit trees, you shall take away their first-fruits; the fruit that germinates shall be unclean to you, neither shall you eat from these.(c)
24
But in the fourth year, all their fruit shall be sanctified for the praise of the Lord.
25
And in the fifth year you shall eat the produce, gathering the fruits which are brought forth. I am the Lord your God.
26
You shall not eat with blood. You shall not practice divination, nor the observation of dreams.
27
And you shall not cut the hair of your head circularly, nor shave your beard.
28
You shall not cut your flesh for the dead, and you shall not make other figures or marks on yourself. I am the Lord.
29
Do not prostitute your daughter, lest the land be contaminated and filled with crimes.
30
Observe my Sabbaths, and be apprehensive toward my Sanctuary. I am the Lord.
31
Do not turn aside to astrologers, nor consult with soothsayers, so as to be polluted through them. I am the Lord your God.
32
Rise up in the presence of a gray-haired head, and honor the reputation of an elder, and fear the Lord your God. I am the Lord.
33
If a newcomer lives in your land and abides among you, do not reproach him,
34
but let him be among you like one native born. And you shall love him as yourselves. For you were also newcomers in the land of Egypt. I am the Lord your God.
35
Do not be willing to accomplish iniquity in judgment, in lengths, in weights, in quantities.
36
Let the scales be just and the weights equal, let the dry measure be just and the liquid measure be equal. I am the Lord your God, who led you away from the land of Egypt.(d)
37
Keep all my precepts, and all my judgments, and accomplish them. I am the Lord.

Fußnoten

(a)19:10 The word ‘grana’ means ‘seeds’, but in the context of grapes, it refers to individual grapes (which in those days were not seedless).(Conte)
(b)19:19 Different seeds, etc:This law tends to recommend simplicity and plain dealing in all things, and to teach the people not to join any false worship or heresy with the worship of the true God.(Challoner)
(c)19:23 Firstfruits:Proeputia, literally, their foreskins; it alludes to circumcision, and signifies that for the first three years the trees were to be as uncircumcised, and their fruit unclean: till in the fourth year their increase was sanctified and given to the Lord, that is, to the priests.(Challoner)
(d)19:36 The ‘modius’ is a unit of dry measure; the ‘sextarius’ is a unit of liquid measure; or rather, these Latin terms are intended to represent the corresponding Hebrew terms.(Conte)
1
The LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
2
“Speak to all the congregation of the children of Israel, and tell them, ‘You shall be holy; for I, the LORD your God, am holy.
3
“‘Each one of you shall respect his mother and his father. You shall keep my Sabbaths. I am the LORD your God.
4
“‘Don’t turn to idols, nor make molten gods for yourselves. I am the LORD your God.
5
“‘When you offer a sacrifice of peace offerings to the LORD, you shall offer it so that you may be accepted.
6
It shall be eaten the same day you offer it, and on the next day. If anything remains until the third day, it shall be burned with fire.
7
If it is eaten at all on the third day, it is an abomination. It will not be accepted;
8
but everyone who eats it shall bear his iniquity, because he has profaned the holy thing of the LORD, and that soul shall be cut off from his people.

Love Your Neighbor

(Romans 13:8–10)
9
“‘When you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not wholly reap the corners of your field, neither shall you gather the gleanings of your harvest.
10
You shall not glean your vineyard, neither shall you gather the fallen grapes of your vineyard. You shall leave them for the poor and for the foreigner. I am the LORD your God.
11
“‘You shall not steal. “‘You shall not lie. “‘You shall not deceive one another.
12
“‘You shall not swear by my name falsely, and profane the name of your God. I am the LORD.
13
“‘You shall not oppress your neighbor, nor rob him. “‘The wages of a hired servant shall not remain with you all night until the morning.
14
“‘You shall not curse the deaf, nor put a stumbling block before the blind; but you shall fear your God. I am the LORD.
15
“‘You shall do no injustice in judgment. You shall not be partial to the poor, nor show favoritism to the great; but you shall judge your neighbor in righteousness.
16
“‘You shall not go around as a slanderer among your people. “‘You shall not endanger the life (a) of your neighbor. I am the LORD.
17
“‘You shall not hate your brother in your heart. You shall surely rebuke your neighbor, and not bear sin because of him.
18
“‘You shall not take vengeance, nor bear any grudge against the children of your people; but you shall love your neighbor as yourself. I am the LORD.

Keep My Statutes

19
“‘You shall keep my statutes. “‘You shall not cross-breed different kinds of animals. “‘You shall not sow your field with two kinds of seed; “‘Don’t wear a garment made of two kinds of material.
20
“‘If a man lies carnally with a woman who is a slave girl, pledged to be married to another man, and not ransomed or given her freedom; they shall be punished. They shall not be put to death, because she was not free.
21
He shall bring his trespass offering to the LORD, to the door of the Tent of Meeting, even a ram for a trespass offering.
22
The priest shall make atonement for him with the ram of the trespass offering before the LORD for his sin which he has committed; and the sin which he has committed shall be forgiven him.
23
“‘When you come into the land, and have planted all kinds of trees for food, then you shall count their fruit as forbidden.(b) For three years it shall be forbidden to you. It shall not be eaten.
24
But in the fourth year all its fruit shall be holy, for giving praise to the LORD.
25
In the fifth year you shall eat its fruit, that it may yield its increase to you. I am the LORD your God.
26
“‘You shall not eat any meat with the blood still in it. You shall not use enchantments, nor practice sorcery.
27
“‘You shall not cut the hair on the sides of your head or clip off the edge of your beard.
28
“‘You shall not make any cuttings in your flesh for the dead, nor tattoo any marks on you. I am the LORD.
29
“‘Don’t profane your daughter, to make her a prostitute; lest the land fall to prostitution, and the land become full of wickedness.
30
“‘You shall keep my Sabbaths, and reverence my sanctuary; I am the LORD.
31
“‘Don’t turn to those who are mediums, nor to the wizards. Don’t seek them out, to be defiled by them. I am the LORD your God.
32
“‘You shall rise up before the gray head and honor the face of the elderly; and you shall fear your God. I am the LORD.
33
“‘If a stranger lives as a foreigner with you in your land, you shall not do him wrong.
34
The stranger who lives as a foreigner with you shall be to you as the native-born among you, and you shall love him as yourself; for you lived as foreigners in the land of Egypt. I am the LORD your God.
35
“‘You shall do no unrighteousness in judgment, in measures of length, of weight, or of quantity.
36
You shall have just balances, just weights, a just ephah,(c) and a just hin.(d) I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt.
37
“‘You shall observe all my statutes and all my ordinances, and do them. I am the LORD.’”

Fußnoten

(a)19:16 literally, “blood”
(b)19:23 literally, “uncircumcised”
(c)19:36 1 ephah is about 22 liters or about 2/3 of a bushel
(d)19:36 A hin is about 6.5 liters or 1.7 gallons.
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